If you love chocolate, the story starts with cocoa beans. But did you know there are only three main types—and each one tastes completely different?
This guide reveals everything about the cocoa varieties shaping modern chocolate.
1. Criollo — The Rarest Cocoa on Earth
Less than 5% of global cocoa.
- Floral, fruity, aromatic
- Very low bitterness
- Used in luxury chocolate
Where it's grown: Venezuela, Peru, Madagascar, Nicaragua
2. Forastero — The Bold, Classic Cocoa
80–85% of all cocoa produced worldwide.
- Robust flavour
- Slight bitterness
- Super hardy and high-yielding
Where it's grown: Ghana, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Brazil
3. Trinitario — The Perfect Hybrid
A beautiful mix of Criollo’s aroma and Forastero’s strength.
- Fruity + cocoa-rich taste
- Complex, smooth flavour
- Used in premium dark chocolate
Where it's grown: Trinidad, Vietnam, Papua New Guinea
4. Cocoa Butter & Fat Profile
| Cocoa Type | Cocoa Butter % | Smoothness |
|---|---|---|
| Criollo | 54–58% | Very Smooth |
| Forastero | 52–56% | Moderate |
| Trinitario | 54–57% | Balanced |
5. Global Cocoa Production 2024–25
| Country | Output (MT) | Main Type |
|---|---|---|
| Ivory Coast | 2.2–2.4M | Forastero |
| Ghana | 700–800k | Forastero |
| Ecuador | 330–360k | Nacional/Trinitario |
| Peru | 160–180k | Criollo/Trinitario |
| Madagascar | 12–14k | Criollo |
6. Best Cocoa Type for Chocolate?
- Criollo → luxury bars
- Trinitario → premium artisanal chocolate
- Forastero → everyday chocolate
7. Why Cocoa Type Matters for Health
- Rich in polyphenols and antioxidants
- Boosts mood and concentration
- Supports heart health
Final Thoughts
Understanding cocoa types helps you appreciate flavour, quality, and nutrition in every bite. Whether you're choosing premium chocolate or improving your health, it all begins with the bean.
